Endnotes and sources

Endnotes

Thank you for using my website, I hope it was useful. I am very open to suggestions for improvements, comments, or questions, and I will gladly help if there is something you are wondering about. Just send me a mail at: helmelkerdigg@gmail.com

Sources

Damon, A. McGonegal, R. Tosto P. Ward, W. 2014, Higher level biology, second edition, Edinburgh gate, Harlow, Essex, Pearson

Picture sources

Title page picture: by Niko photos

About page picture: "Trondheim Katedralskole" by Wikimedia commons CC BY-SA 3.0

All other pictures are linked where they were used

Topic 1

Video created by Diệp Anh Tuấn, October 05 2020, Endocytosis and Exocytosis HD Animation, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoTCT1a-G3w

Video created by The Organic Chemistry Tutor, September 30 2018, Biology – Intro to cell structure – Quick review, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwAJ8ByQH2U

Video created by khanacademymedicine, May 26 2015, Cell cycle phases | Cells | MCAT | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5vAO_f2LDQ

Video created by Khan Academy, May 04 2015, Interphase | Cells | MCAT | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VXLSTd_dlKg

Video created by CrashCourse, April 16 2012, Mitosis: Splitting Up is Complicated - Crash Course Biology #12, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM

Video created by CrashCourse, February 27 2012, In Da Club - Membranes & Transport: Crash Course Biology #5, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPKvHrD1eS4

Topic 2

Video created by ndsuvirtualcell, Translation, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bLEDd-PSTQ

Video created by CrashCourse, September 29 2015, Metabolism & Nutrition, Part 1: Crash Course A&P #36, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fR3NxCR9z2U

Video created by Bozeman Science, November 26 2011, Enzymes, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok9esggzN18

Video created by MITx Bio, May 26 2015, The Structure of DNA, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_-6JXLYS-k

Video created by BOGObiology, October 26 2017, Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Comparison, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmfhKbmQhq0

Topic 3

Video created by The Organic Chemistry Tutor, November 13 2018, Punnett Squares - Basic Introduction, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=agQpPPQ5IVQ

Video created by Shomu's Biology, May 03 2017, Pedigree analysis | How to solve pedigree problems?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bL4JV5Z2jsc

Video created by Khan Academy, September 24 2009, Phases of Meiosis, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijLc52LmFQg

Video created by TED-Ed, December 09 2013, How to sequence the human genome - Mark J. Kiel, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvuYATh7Y74

Topic 4

Video created by CrashCourse, December 18 2012, Ecosystem Ecology: Links in the Chain - Crash Course Ecology #7, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6ubvEJ3KGM

Video created by Amoeba Sisters, July 24 2015, Food Webs and Energy Pyramids: Bedrocks of Biodiversity, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-oVavgmveyY

Video created by Mr. C's YouTube Channel, November 30 2013, Carbon Cycle Processes, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sd8D7WyVS6A

Video created by MinuteEarth, May 26 2015, How Do Greenhouse Gases Actually Work?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTvqIijqvTg

Topic 5

Biologydictionary, 2017, Taxonomy, https://biologydictionary.net/taxonomy/

Microbenotes, 2020, Cladogram- definition, features, parts, examples (vs Phylogram), https://microbenotes.com/cladogram/#features-of-a-cladogram

Video created by PBS Eons, June 11 2019, How Evolution Works (And How We Figured It Out), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyiZaHIRM6w

Video created by CrashCourse, June 04 2012, Taxonomy: Life's Filing System - Crash Course Biology #19, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F38BmgPcZ_I

Video created by Bozeman Science, May 12 2012, Cladograms, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouZ9zEkxGWg

Topic 6

Video created by TED-Ed, December 14 2017, How your digestive system works - Emma Bryce, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og5xAdC8EUI

Video created by Bozeman Science, March 17 2012, The Circulatory System, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJzJKvkWWDc

Video created by Bozeman Science, March 17 2012, The Immune System, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3M0vU3Dv8E

Video created by Bozeman Science, March 15 2015, The Respiratory System, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Id2E72P8Fe0

Video created by khanacademymedicine, April 17 2012, Insulin and glucagon | Chemical Processes | MCAT | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouZ9zEkxGWg

Video created by Osmosis, January 28 2019, The menstrual cycle, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOluxtc3Cpw

Topic 7

Video created by The Organic Chemistry Tutor, November 06 2019, DNA Replication - Leading Strand vs Lagging Strand & Okazaki Fragments, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jslVQDGkLU

Video created by Study Force, Protein Synthesis Animation Video, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ikq9AcBcohA

Video created by MIT OpenCourseWare, DNA Replication | MIT 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRBREvFL19g&list=LL&index=4

Video created by MIT OpenCourseWare, Transcription and Translation, excerpt 1 | MIT 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMr9XH64rtM

Video created by MIT OpenCourseWare, Transcription and Translation, excerpt 2 | MIT 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBRdfsz_YB4

Topic 8

Video created by Khan Academy, December 10 2009, Oxidation and reduction in cellular respiration | Biology | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KyyVhlUDNU

Video series created by Khan Academy, July 02 2018, Cellular respiration | Biology | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSQl0a2vh4HCKeX3g-Mj5wXS0nfDeDSGS

Video series created by Khan Academy, April 16 2014, Photosynthesis, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLAE36CEFE9200FDDD

Topic 9

Video created by Khan Academy India - English, July 15 2019, Xylem & transpiration | Life processes | Biology | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d60lqIfGeQw

Video created by Khan Academy India - English, July 18 2019, Phloem & translocation | Life processes | Biology | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZAxvlXDiqA

Video created by CrashCourse, October 8 2012, Vascular Plants = Winning! - Crash Course Biology #37, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h9oDTMXM7M8

Video created by Crashcourse, October 16 2012, The Plants & The Bees: Plant Reproduction - CrashCourse Biology #38, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExaQ8shhkw8

Topic 10

Necsi, Gradualism and punctuated equilibirum, https://necsi.edu/gradualism-and-punctuated-equilibrium

Video created by Bozeman Science, December 14 2011, A Beginner's Guide to Punnett Squares, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1PCwxUDTl8

Video created by Bozeman Science, December 15 2011, Linked Genes, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_UcDhzjOio

Video created by Bozeman Science, March 30 2012, Solving Hardy Weinberg Problems, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPkOAnK20kw

Video created by Bozeman Science, March 22 2014, Phases of Meiosis, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16enC385R0w

Video created by MIT OpenCourseWare, Mendel's Laws, excerpt 1 | MIT 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dHBTckFvME&list=LL&index=8

Video created by MIT OpenCourseWare, Mendel's Laws, excerpt 2 | MIT 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CT9lYy6qSfg&list=LL&index=6

Video created by MIT OpenCourseWare, Linkage and Recombination, Genetic maps | MIT 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_1dTvszV4Y&list=LL&index=8

Video created by Andrew Douch, August 28 2011, Dihybrid Crosses and Linked Genes.mov, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_lTyzGTnho

Video created by Bozeman Science, March 30 2012, Solving Hardy Weinberg Problems, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPkOAnK20kw

Topic 11

Video created by AK LECTURES, February 07 2015, Monoclonal Antibodies, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVs4VQQroOg

Video created by CrashCourse, June 08 2015, Muscles, Part 1 - Muscle Cells: Crash Course A&P #21, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ktv-CaOt6UQ

Video created by Khan Academy, March 03 2010, The kidney and nephron | Renal system physiology | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cc8sUv2SuaY

Video created by khanacademymedicine, February 02 2015, Spermatogenesis | Reproductive system physiology | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUJ-xnv53UM

Video created by khanacademymedicine, November 25 2014, Basics of egg development | Reproductive system physiology | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Msrym4oGVSk

Video created by CrashCourse, November 16 2015, Reproductive System, Part 3 - Sex & Fertilization: Crash Course A&P #42, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUdAEGXLO-8

Option D

Video created by Ted-Ed, November 25 2014, What does the liver do? - Emma Bryce, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbh3SjzydnQ

Video created by MedCram, July 10 2017, ECG Interpretation Made Easy - How to Read a 12 Lead EKG Systematically!, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMmjwgwHkO0

Video created by Dr. Wendi, September 15 2020, Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xCXtcoUxJZc

Video created by MedCram, December 16 2012, Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve Explained Clearly (Oxyhemoglobin Curve), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYbvwMSzqdY